Clinico-pathological Study of Benign & Malignant Lesions of Prostate

Aims: Benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma are common diseases that account for considerable morbidity and mortality of ageing population. In cancer related deaths in men, the prostatic cancer is the second most common to lung cancer. Purpose of this study is to analyze various clinicopathological features in benign and malignant prostatic lesions, to correlate of benign and malignant prostatic lesions with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and to analyze the utility of Alcian Blue (AB) and Elastin Von Gieson (EVG) stain in evaluation of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: All the prostatic specimens received in the histopathology department of our institute, over the period of 2 years, from June 2010 to July 2012 were analyzed. Results: 83%(n=83) were BPH , 17% (n=17) were adenocarcinoma. 2 cases showed changes of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PIN) which were associated with adenocarcinoma. Out of 22 specimens in which PSA was available, 10 cases were adenocarcinoma. PSA was raised in all 10 cases. In our study wispy blue material was seen in 17.6% cases, while A.B. stain demonstrated mucin in 35.2% of cases. Conclusion: Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the commonest lesion. PSA level of >10ng/ml has high positive predictive value. EVG stain clearly highlighted the neoplastic acini and was useful in upgrading Gleason score in one case. Alcian Blue stain confirms the acidic mucinous nature of luminal secretions which are diagnostic of neoplastic acini, as against the neutral mucin seen in the non neoplastic acini.